{"id":3667,"date":"2022-04-11T03:17:01","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T03:17:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seotest.qilumachinery.com\/?p=3667"},"modified":"2026-08-26T03:12:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T03:12:39","slug":"what-is-the-difference-ploughing-and-subsoiling","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/blog\/what-is-the-difference-ploughing-and-subsoiling\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u00fd je rozdiel Orba a podlo\u017eie (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) (Ora) ."},"content":{"rendered":"

Orba a podlo\u017eie, Najbe\u017enej\u0161ou po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskou met\u00f3dou vo vidieckych oblastiach je rota\u010dn\u00e9 obr\u00e1banie p\u00f4dy. H\u013abka obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy pri prev\u00e1dzke rota\u010dn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy je plytk\u00e1, vo v\u0161eobecnosti len 12-16 cm hlbok\u00e1. Pou\u017eitie rota\u010dnej or\u00e1\u010dky po mnoho rokov nie je dobr\u00e9 pre p\u00f4du a neprispieva k rastu plod\u00edn. Na orbu a podlo\u017eie je h\u013abka orby relat\u00edvne hlbok\u00e1. H\u013abka orby je vo v\u0161eobecnosti 18-22 cm a h\u013abka podlo\u017eia je vo v\u0161eobecnosti 30-40 cm, najm\u00e4 podlo\u017eie, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee zlomi\u0165 tvrd\u00e9 dno pluhu a zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u0161trukt\u00faru vrstvy p\u00f4dneho pluhu. 1, zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 kapacitu skladovania vody v p\u00f4de a zadr\u017eiavania vlhkosti a odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di suchu a dren\u00e1\u017enu kapacitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Orba a podlo\u017eie<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prev\u00e1dzky po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej p\u00f4dy s\u00fa hlavne orba, s nieko\u013ek\u00fdmi rota\u010dn\u00fdmi oper\u00e1ciami obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy. V 90. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia farmy energicky podporovali technol\u00f3giu podlo\u017eia. Teraz je \u00farove\u0148 po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej mechaniz\u00e1cie vo vidieckych oblastiach nanajv\u00fd\u0161 na \u00farovni polovice a\u017e konca 90. rokov a \u010faleko za farmou, pokia\u013e ide o koncepcie hospod\u00e1renia. Sk\u00fasenosti s podporou technol\u00f3gie podlo\u017eia na farm\u00e1ch dok\u00e1zali, \u017ee hlbok\u00e9 uvo\u013e\u0148ovanie p\u00f4dy je prospe\u0161n\u00e9 pre rast plod\u00edn a je to jeden z d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch prostriedkov na zlep\u0161enie v\u00fdnosov plod\u00edn, ktor\u00fd stoj\u00ed za to energicky podporova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Oper\u00e1cia podlo\u017eia je oper\u00e1cia pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie, ktor\u00e1 si vy\u017eaduje \u0165ahanie strojov na po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstvo traktorom s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom \u0161tyroch kolies, \u010do je jeden z d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do sa vozidl\u00e1 s vysok\u00fdm v\u00fdkonom \u0161tyroch kolies stali popul\u00e1rnymi na trhu v r. v posledn\u00fdch rokoch oper\u00e1cia hlbok\u00e9ho uvo\u013enenia nenar\u00fa\u0161a p\u00f4vodn\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru p\u00f4dy, ale iba uvo\u013e\u0148uje hlbok\u00fa p\u00f4du, iba uvo\u013e\u0148uje p\u00f4du bez ot\u00e1\u010dania p\u00f4dy s cie\u013eom prelomi\u0165 dno pluhu a uvo\u013eni\u0165 p\u00f4du, \u010do je ekvivalentn\u00e9 \u201cuvo\u013eneniu \u0161liach a aktiv\u00e1cii siete\u201d pre po\u013enohospod\u00e1rsku p\u00f4du a p\u00f4du po hlbokom uvo\u013enen\u00ed Prispieva k rastu plod\u00edn, zv\u00fd\u0161eniu v\u00fdnosu plod\u00edn a zv\u00fd\u0161eniu \u00farodnosti p\u00f4dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdhody hlbok\u00e9ho uvo\u013enenia sa prejavuj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. M\u00f4\u017ee preh\u013abi\u0165 vrstvu pluhu, rozbi\u0165 spodn\u00fa vrstvu pluhu, zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161i\u0165 hr\u00fabku vrstvy pluhu, zlep\u0161i\u0165 \u0161trukt\u00faru p\u00f4dy, uvo\u013eni\u0165 a vetra\u0165 p\u00f4du a zlep\u0161i\u0165 kvalitu ornej p\u00f4dy.<\/li>
  2. Zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a mno\u017estvo infiltr\u00e1cie da\u017e\u010fovej vody, zlep\u0161i\u0165 kapacitu z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov vody v p\u00f4de, podpori\u0165 kore\u0148ov\u00fd syst\u00e9m plod\u00edn a zlep\u0161i\u0165 odolnos\u0165 plod\u00edn vo\u010di suchu a poliehaniu. Experiment\u00e1lne porovnanie ukazuje, \u017ee kapacita z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov vody na mu ornej p\u00f4dy m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 viac ako 10 metrov kubick\u00fdch. 2-kr\u00e1t v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia kapacita z\u00e1sobn\u00edkov vody v p\u00f4de ako pri plytkom obr\u00e1ban\u00ed p\u00f4dy, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 priepustnos\u0165 vody r\u00f4znych typov p\u00f4dy 5-7 kr\u00e1t. M\u00f4\u017ee podpori\u0165 v\u00fdnos plod\u00edn 40-70 kg.<\/li>
  3. Hlbok\u00e9 uvo\u013enenie neot\u00e1\u010da p\u00f4dnu vrstvu, tak\u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina strniska, slamy a buriny je pokryt\u00e1 na povrchu, \u010do nielen prispieva k udr\u017eaniu vlhkosti, zn\u00ed\u017eeniu veternej er\u00f3zie, ale aj absorbuje viac da\u017e\u010fovej vody a oneskoruje tvorbu odtoku. Oslabenie intenzity odtoku, zmiernenie er\u00f3zie p\u00f4dy povrchov\u00fdm odtokom, zn\u00ed\u017eenie er\u00f3zie p\u00f4dy a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 ochrana p\u00f4dy.<\/li>
  4. Po hlbokom uvo\u013enen\u00ed p\u00f4dy sa m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165acia schopnos\u0165 hnojiva, zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 prchavos\u0165 a stratu chemick\u00e9ho hnojiva a zlep\u0161i\u0165 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vyu\u017eitia hnojiva.<\/li>
  5. Po podlo\u017e\u00ed sa m\u00f4\u017eu skr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010dasy rota\u010dn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy (vo v\u0161eobecnosti jeden \u010das rota\u010dn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1bania p\u00f4dy) a zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 n\u00e1klady.
    D\u00f4vod hlbok\u00e9ho uvo\u013enenia p\u00f4dy spo\u010d\u00edva v realiz\u00e1cii h\u013abkov\u00e9ho uvo\u013enenia po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskych strojov a pr\u00edpravy p\u00f4dy, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu prelomi\u0165 spodn\u00fa vrstvu tvrd\u00e9ho pluhu, preh\u013abi\u0165 vrstvu pluhu, zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 objemov\u00fa hustotu p\u00f4dy a zlep\u0161i\u0165 priepustnos\u0165 p\u00f4dy, \u010d\u00edm sa zlep\u0161\u00ed skladovanie vody v p\u00f4de a zadr\u017eiavanie vlhkosti a schopnosti odolnosti vo\u010di suchu a podm\u00e1\u010daniu. Prispieva k rastu a rozvoju plod\u00edn a zvy\u0161uje v\u00fdnos.
    Oper\u00e1cie hlbok\u00e9ho uvo\u013enenia maj\u00fa vysok\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na v\u00fdkon a adh\u00e9ziu traktora.5-radov\u00fd podsed\u00e1k by mal by\u0165 vo v\u0161eobecnosti vybaven\u00fd traktorom s viac ako     90 kon\u00ed<\/a>, a trak\u010dn\u00fd efekt pohonu v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u0161tyroch kolies je lep\u0161\u00ed.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n\n\n

    Oranie je proces prevracania p\u00f4dy pluhom poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fdm traktorom, V porovnan\u00ed s oper\u00e1ciami podlo\u017eia patr\u00ed orba k plytkej kultiv\u00e1cii p\u00f4dy a h\u013abka vo v\u0161eobecnosti nepresahuje 18-22 cm V\u00fdhody orby sa prejavuj\u00fa najm\u00e4 v tom, \u017ee prevracanie a su\u0161enie p\u00f4dy m\u00f4\u017ee vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 toxick\u00e9 plyny do p\u00f4dy; premena vaj\u00ed\u010dok a bakt\u00e9ri\u00ed na hlbok\u00fa p\u00f4du na zab\u00edjanie; Pr\u00edprava p\u00f4dy a siatie strniskov\u00fdch plod\u00edn; obr\u00e1ban\u00e1 p\u00f4da po orbe je vhodn\u00e1 na hrebe\u0148ov\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku a m\u00f4\u017ee tie\u017e zlep\u0161i\u0165 kapacitu skladovania vody at\u010f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ploughing and subsoiling\uff0cThe most mainstream farming method in rural areas is rotary tillage. The tillage depth of rotary tillage operation is shallow, generally only 12-16 cm deep. The use of rotary tiller for many years is not good for the soil and is not conducive to the growth of crops. For ploughing and subsoiling, the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tractor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3667","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3667"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3667\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3667"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3667"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qilumachinery.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3667"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}